甘蔗渣苯甲基化改性研究

以NaOH作为润胀荆及催化剂，以氯化苄为醚化剂对甘蔗渣进行了苯甲基化改性，研究了氯化苄用量、反应温度、碱用量及反应时间对甘蔗渣苯甲基化反应的影响，并用红外光谱对苯甲基化甘蔗渣进行了初步表征。     

微波辅助法提取滁菊花水溶性成分的试验研究

以微波处理为辅助手段,应用水浴法提取菊花中水溶性成分。对利用微波技术提取菊花水溶性成分的工艺条件进行了研究,通过单因素和正交试验,考察了影响提取得率的因素,得出微波辅助法提取菊花水溶性成分的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1g∶30ml,在微波功率为175W条件下处理时间10min,再在70℃水浴锅中浸提30min,得到总水溶性成分提取得率在43.1%。     

国外引种松树松脂化学组成的特征

Ｗ．Ｂ．Ｃｒｉｔｃｈｆｉｅｌｄ和Ｅ．Ｌ．Ｌｉｔｔｌｅ，Ｊｒ．将油松组松树分成６个亚组。本文采用ＧＣ、ＧＣ－ＭＳ方法对分属４个亚组的１６种国外引种松树松脂化学组成的特征进行研究，发现每一个亚组的松脂各有其特点。马尾松、黄山松等国内松树树种与黑松、琉球松、同属一个亚组，其松脂的化学特征比较相似；而与湿地松、火炬松等另一亚组松脂则有较大区别，说明亚组的划分有利于松树的化学分类。不同地理变种的加勒比松松脂     

Rapid assessment of wood chemical properties and pulp yield of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in Thailand tree plantations by near infrared spectroscopy for improving wood selection for high quality pulp

Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been demonstrated as a means for rapid nondestructive determination of the chemical composition and final pulp yield of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in Thailand tree plantations. Multiple linear regression (MLR) analysis and partial least squares (PLS) analysis were introduced to develop statistical models in terms of calibration equations for total pulp yield, screened pulp yield, and contents of -cellulose, pentosans, and lignin in wood. In MLR analysis, a reasonably good calibration equation was found only for pentosans (standard error of prediction (SEP): 0.98%). The PLS analysis improved the accuracy of prediction for every criterion variable, especially for pentosans (SEP: 0.91%) and lignin (SEP: 0.52%). Also, in the case of screened pulp yield, we were able to use such a statistical result as an indicator of the characteristics of the pulp and paper. Thus, NIR spectroscopy could be satisfactorily used as an effective assessment technique for Eucalyptus camaldulensis plantation trees.     

Water absorption of boron-treated and heat-modified wood

Heat treatments change the chemical and physical properties of wood and dimensional stability and hygroscopicity are affected as a result of modifications of wood cell components. This study evaluated the water absorption of wood specimens treated with boron compounds followed by heat treatment. Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) sapwood specimens treated with either boric acid (BA) or disodium octoborate tetrahydrate (DOT) solutions were heat-modified at either 180° or 220°C for 2 or 4 h. Carbohydrate composition and water absorption of the specimens were then measured and compared with those of untreated and unheated specimens. Wood carbohydrates were significantly degraded in the specimens after heat treatment. The heat treatment evidently decreased the water absorption and the heat-modified specimens absorbed less water than unheated specimens. The higher the treatment temperature and the longer the treatment time, the lower the amount of absorbed water. The boron-treated and heat-modified specimens, however, showed increased water absorption due to the hygroscopic properties of BA and DOT.     

肉桂油的成分研究

肉桂油在世界上享有盛名,产量占世界总产量的80％。作者用GC/MS联用仪对我国广东、广西、福建三省(区)的肉桂叶油和肉桂皮油进行了定性与定量分析。鉴定出广东肉桂叶油13个组分;广东肉桂皮油11个组分;广西肉桂叶油14个组分;广西肉桂皮油12个组分;福建肉桂叶油12个组分,结果表明五种肉桂油的化学组成基本相同,均以反式肉桂醛为主要成分,其含量分别为81.0,84.1,54.6,73.2和73.6％。     

材性改良研究：Ⅰ.X射线木材密度测定

利用Ｘ射线衍射（Ｄ－ｍａｘ３Ｂ型）改装成直接扫描式Ｘ射线木材密度计，可快速、高效测定木材密度组成，即木材平均密度，平均早材密度，平均晚材密度，最大木材密度，最小木材密度，木材密度梯度和木材密度的变异幅度，为材性改良提供了新手段，本文用Ｘ射线木材密度计测定１７个树种木材密度。     

Gas chromatographic and mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analysis of lignin-derived products from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cryptomeria japonica</Emphasis> treated in supercritical water

Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) wood was treated with supercritical water (374°C, 22.1MPa), and fractionated into the water-soluble portion, the methanol-soluble portion, and the methanol-insoluble residue. The methanol-soluble portion mainly consisted of the lignin-derived products. To characterize the compounds in the methanol-soluble portion, gel permeation chromatographic (GPC) and gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) analyses were performed. The GPC analysis indicated that the methanol-soluble portion contained lignin-derived monomeric and dimeric products. GC-MS analysis detected 31 products which were expected to be monomeric compounds, and 18 of these were identified to be guaiacol, methylguaiacol, ethylguaiacol, vinylguaiacol, eugenol, propylguaiacol, vanillin, cis-isoeugenol, homovanillin, trans-isoeugenol, acetoguaiacone, propioguaiacone, guaiacylacetone, 2-methoxy-4-(1-hydroxypropyl)phenol, homovanillic acid, 2-methoxy-4-(prop-1-en-3-one)phenol, coniferyl aldehyde, and ferulic acid. In addition, 22 dimeric products were detected, and 4 of these were believed to be compounds with biphenyl type (5-5), diphenylethane type (-1), stilbene type (-1), and phenylcoumaran type (-5) structures. These results clearly indicated that the methanol-soluble portion included various monomeric and dimeric compounds produced as a result of the cleavage of ether linkages and propyl chains of lignin.     

Mechanical properties of wood in an unstable state due to temperature changes,and analysis of the relevant mechanism IV: effect of chemical components on destabilization of wood

In order to investigate the effects of chemical components and matrix structure on the destabilization of quenched wood, we examined the physical and mechanical properties of steam-treated wood, hemicellulose-extracted wood, and delignified wood, which were treated at different levels. For steam-treated and hemicellulose-extracted wood,the relative relaxation modulus of the quenched sample was lower than that of the respective control sample. For delignified wood, the relative relaxation modulus fell with weight loss and reached a minimum value at a certain weight loss, and subsequently increased significantly. The hygroscopicity of all treated samples changed slightly by steaming, whereas increased with removing the component. More-over, the average volumetric swelling per 1% MC at 100% relative humidity (RH) was less than at 75% RH and 93% RH for component-removed wood. It was clear that a void structure existed. As a result, the destabilization evaluated by the fluidity (1 - E _t/E ₀) of steam-treated wood was influenced by the amount of adsorbed water. For component-removed wood, destabilization increased temporarily at lower weight loss because of nonuniform cohesive structure. At high weight loss, destabilization will decreased because capillary-condensed water gathered in the voids and obstructed the motion of adsorbed water. However, the destabilization of all treated wood changed less than that of chemically modified wood.     

采伐迹地的火烧清理对土壤理化性质的影响

本文讨论了火烧清理采伐迹地剩余物对土壤理化性质产业的影响，并提出了相应的建议。